The European Union has provided Apple with preliminary instructions for complying with the interoperability mandates of its Digital Markets Act (DMA). The guidelines aim to ensure that third-party developers can access crucial iOS connectivity features previously limited to Apple. These changes potentially enhance compatibility for non-Apple devices like Bluetooth headphones and smartwatches. Apple has expressed concerns that the DMA compromises user privacy and security, arguing that it could force the company to expose sensitive data. Meanwhile, smaller tech firms are pushing back against Apple's restrictive policies, advocating for a fairer competitive landscape.